Nov 15 2008

1 in 7 men destined to go bald due to genes

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Men’s Health News
Scientists have discovered that 1 in 7 men have a genetic risk for baldness. Researchers at Canada’s McGill University and King’s College London along with scientists at drug company GlaxoSmithKline have solved the mystery of male pattern baldness but say treating it will require more research.
The scientists have identified two genetic variants in Caucasians that together produce an astonishing sevenfold increase in the risk for male baldness.
acheter cialis comprimes Male pattern baldness is the most common form of baldness and usually involves hair loss above the temples and at the crown of the head - it affects about one-third of men by age 45.
The researchers say the condition’s social and economic impact is considerable - in the United States alone in 2007 the cost for hair transplantation alone exceeded $115 million, while global revenues for medical therapy for male-pattern baldness recently surpassed $405 million. Estimates suggest more than 80 per cent of cases are hereditary.
The study, conducted by Dr. Vincent Mooser of GlaxoSmithKline, Dr. Brent Richards of McGill University and Dr. Tim Spector of King’s College, along with colleagues in Iceland, Switzerland and the Netherlands, conducted a genome-wide search in 1,125 Caucasian men with male pattern baldness.
The search revealed two previously unknown genetic variants on chromosome 20 that substantially increased the risk of male pattern baldness which was then confirmed in an additional 1,650 Caucasian men.
Dr. Richards suggests that male pattern baldness could be caused by the same genetic variation in non-Caucasians.
The researchers say though they consider their discovery to be a scientific breakthrough, it does not mean a treatment or cure for male pattern baldness is imminent, but they say the ability to predict hair loss early may lead to some interesting therapies that are more effective than treating late stage hair loss.
The researchers say it was already known that a genetic variant on the X chromosome was linked to male pattern baldness, which is where the idea that baldness is inherited from the mother’s side of the family comes from - but it was also suspected that there were several genes causing male pattern baldness - the newly discovered gene on chromosome 20 can be inherited from both the mother and father.
Having both the risk variants discovered on chromosome 20 and the unrelated known variant on the X chromosome, increases the risk of becoming bald sevenfold which equates to 14% of the total population.
Their results are published in the journal Nature Genetics.
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Nov 15 2008

Antidepressants can affect male fertility

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Men’s Health News
Researchers
in the United States have linked commonly used antidepressants to a reduction in some men’s fertility.
The researchers from the Cornell Medical Center in New York say the drugs, selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), taken by millions of men to alleviate depression, damage the DNA of the sperm.
Kaufen cialis soft pillen mastercard According to scientists Peter Schlegel and Cigdem Tanrikut the fertility of a substantial number of men on paroxetine may be adversely affected by these changes in sperm DNA.
In a study of 35 healthy volunteers who provided sperm samples before and during paroxetine treatment, it was found that, on average, the proportion of sperm cells with fragmented DNA rose from 13.8 percent before treatment to 30.3 percent after just four weeks.
Similar levels of sperm DNA damage have been linked to problems with embryo viability in couples trying to have children.
The new research supports concerns raised two years ago that men had developed low counts of healthy sperm following treatment with two different SSRIs.
SSRIs such as Paxil, Seroxat and Prozac are the most commonly prescribed class of antidepressant and drug manufacturers are apparently reviewing the study findings.
They say as these drugs are an important option for the treatment of depression, and patients should discuss their situation with their doctor before stopping use of their medication.
While experts say the study results are a concern they suggest a randomized controlled trial would be the most scientific way to investigate the drugs effects.
They say SSRIs are known to depress libido in some men and previous research has also found that women taking the medicines are more likely to have a low birth weight baby.
Mental health experts say most medications carry some level of risk, and antidepressants are powerful drugs and are in that respect no different.
The research is published in New Scientist and is due to be presented in November at a meeting of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine.
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Nov 15 2008

Assessment And Treatment Of Erectile Function

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BERLIN, GERMANY (UroToday.com) - After reviewing the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED), Dr. Matthews emphasized the importance of a detailed history, physical examination and laboratory testing in the man complaining of ED.
In 2006 it was estimated that 1 in 5 men reported ED. Men in the US reported a higher prevalence of ED compared to those of other countries - 25% of US men (20-75 years of age) compared to 22% of Germans and 12% of Spaniards. The importance of identifying co-morbidities including bph, diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia was noted. The study by Esposito et al., JAMA (2005) highlighted the beneficial effects of the adaptation of healthy life styles on sexual inventory functioning.
The discussion then turned to PD-5 inhibitors. The issues of cardiac risk and the Princeton guidelines were presented. Post-coital risk of a nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) was 2.5% if there were no prior history of MI and 2.9% with a prior history. The potential for irreversible vision loss (NAION) as a result of PD-5 inhibitors was raised. Urologists must be aware of this as a possible side-effect.
Nevertheless, PD-5 inhibitors remain, and should remain, the first line treatment option after, or in conjunction with, the correction of reversible risk factors.
Presented by Gerald Matthews, MD, at the Annual Meeting of the American Urological Association - New York Section - September 6 - 13, 2008 - Berlin, Germany
Reported by UroToday.com Contributing Editor Harris M. Nagler, MD
buy levitra without prescription UroToday - the only urology website with original content written by global urology key opinion leaders actively engaged in clinical practice.
To access the latest urology news releases from UroToday, go to:
www.urotoday.com
Copyright © 2008 - UroToday
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Nov 14 2008

Importance Of Penile Prostheses In The Treatment Of ED

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BERLIN, GERMANY (UroToday.com) - Harris M. Nagler, MD, Chair Sol and Margaret Berger Department of Urology, Chief of GME/Academic Affairs, Beth Israel Medical Center and Professor of Urology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine presented a discussion emphasizing the importance of penile prostheses in the treatment of ED, "Penile Prosthesis-petering out or standing strong."
In this discussion, Dr. Nagler pointed out that the predominant risk factors for ED, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease, are continuing to increase. The worldwide incidence of ED has been estimated to be 322 million men by 2025. It is estimated that there will be 23 million diabetic men in the US alone by 2030.
Dr. Nagler emphasized that the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer will further the need for effective ED treatmentsince, despite advancements, each of the commonly employed modalities frequently result in ED.
The drop-out rates for each of these therapies was reviewed. Generique cialis pilules bon marche Even the oral medications have a significant drop-out rate as reported by Sato in the International Journal of Urology (2007).
The high satisfaction rate from prosthetic surgery was discussed. World wide the number of prostheses implanted annually has increased from around 12,000 in 1998 to nearly 25,000 in 2006.
Prosthesis surgery is here to stay.
Presented by Harris M. Nagler, MD, at the Annual Meeting of the American Urological Association - New York Section - September 6 - 13, 2008 - Berlin, Germany
Reported by
UroToday.com Contributing Editor Harris M. Nagler, MD
UroToday - the only urology website with original content written by global urology key opinion leaders actively engaged in clinical practice.
To access the latest urology news releases from UroToday, go to:
www.urotoday.com
Copyright © 2008 - UroToday
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Nov 14 2008

Antisocial behaviour in young men linked to low levels of stress hormone

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Men’s Health News
A British research team have discovered a link between antisocial behaviour in male adolescents and reduced levels of the ’stress hormone’ cortisol.
As a rule levels of cortisol in the body increase when people undergo a stressful experience, such as public speaking, sitting an exam, or having surgery.
Cortisol enhances memory formation and is thought to make people behave more cautiously and to help them regulate their emotions, particularly their temper and violent impulses.
The new research by scientists at Cambridge University which was funded by the Wellcome Trust, shows that adolescents with severe antisocial behaviour do not exhibit the same increase in cortisol levels when under stress as those without antisocial behaviour.
This suggests that antisocial behaviour, at least in some cases, may be seen as a form of mental illness that is linked to physiological symptoms involving a chemical imbalance of cortisol in the brain and body.
The research team led by Dr. Graeme Fairchild and Professor Ian Goodyer, recruited participants for the study from schools, pupil referral units, and the Youth Offending Service.
Over a period of several days samples of saliva were collected from the subjects in a non-stressful environment in order to measure levels of the hormone under resting conditions.
The young men then took part in a stressful experiment that was designed to induce frustration and samples of saliva were taken immediately before, during and after the experiment to track how cortisol changed during stress.
comprare il viagra senza ricetta The differences between participants with severe antisocial behaviour and those without were most marked under stressful conditions - while the average adolescents showed large increases in the amount of cortisol during the frustrating situation - cortisol levels actually went down in those with severe antisocial behaviour.
The researchers say this suggests that antisocial behaviour may be more biologically-based than previously considered and some individuals are more vulnerable as with depression or anxiety, due to their biological make-up.
Dr. Fairchild says if it is understood precisely what underlies the inability to show a normal stress response, it may be possible to design new treatments for severe behaviour problems and also create targeted interventions for those at higher risk.
Dr. Fairchild says a treatment for this disorder would offer the chance to improve the lives of both the adolescents who are afflicted and the communities in which they live.
Government research shows that almost three-quarters of antisocial behaviour orders are given to offenders under the age of 21 and responding to incidents of antisocial behaviour costs the government approximately ?3.4 billion per year.
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